The tutorial is devoted to the development and use of Emergency Action Levels and Operational Intervention Levels. Emergency Action Level (EAL) is a predetermined, site-specific, observable threshold for a plant Initiating Condition that places the plant in a given emergency class. Operational Intervention Levels (OILs)) are used for initiating the different parts of an emergency plan and for taking protective actions and other response actions shall be derived from the generic criteria. This tutorial is intended for students studying under the Master's program "Emergency preparedness and response".

• CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• PART 1. EMERGENCY ACTION LEVELS (EALs)
• 1.1. Definitions Used in Developing EALs
• 1.2. Emergency Classification
• 1.3. Recognition Categories
• 1.4. Required Characteristics
• 1.5. Emergency Class Descriptions
• 1.6. Emergency Class Thresholds
• 1.7. Emergency Action Level Thresholds
• 1.8. Treatment of Multiple Events and Emergency Class Upgrading
• 1.9. Emergency Classification Level Downgrading
• 1.10. Classifying Transient Events
• 1.11. Operating Mode Applicability
• PART 2. OPERATIONAL INTERVENTION LEVELS (OILs)
• 2.1. Introduction and background on default OIL values
• 2.2. OIL charts and default oil values for use in the response
• 2.2.1. Role of the OILs within the protection strategy
• 2.2.2. Evaluating monitoring results
• 2.2.3. Communicating with decision makers
• 2.2.4. Communicating with public information officers
• 2.2.5. How to use the OIL charts
• 2.2.6. OIL charts for use in the response
• 2.2.7. Integration of the charts into national arrangements
• 2.3. Methodology for deriving the default oil values
• 2.3.1. Overview
• 2.3.2. Generic criteria
• 2.3.3. Radionuclide mix
• 2.3.4. Representative person, exposure scenarios and pathways
• 2.3.5. Behaviour of the radionuclides
• 2.3.6. Dose conversion factors
• 2.3.7. Instrument response
• 2.3.8. OIL(t,mix) functions and default oil values
• 2.3.9. Weighting factors
• 2.3.10. Conservatism considered in the calculation of the OILs
• 2.4. Revising the default oil values
• 2.4.1. General considerations
• 2.4.2. Revising OIL4β for a specific beta monitoring instrument
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES