"The aim of this volume is to provide an overview of different theoretical perspectives on Terminology, from Wüster to other initiatives that have emerged since the beginning of the 1990s. The volume also covers important topics which have significantly influenced Terminology and its evolution. These include variation, multidimensionality, conceptual relations, and equivalence, among others. The twenty-two chapters of the volume, all written by acknowledged experts in the field, explore the questions that different approaches seek to answer. They also describe the theoretical and methodological principles that were devised over the years to characterize, analyze, and represent terminological data. The semi-chronological, semi-thematic organization of chapters not only provides readers with a clear vision of the evolution of ideas in Terminology, but also gives them an understanding as to why some of these ideas were initially challenged. In addition to being accessible to readers unfamiliar with the basic theoretical principles in the field, the chapters provide a showcase of current research in the field, the challenges looming on the horizon, and finally future directions in terminological research. By bringing together work that is often disseminated in different forums and written in different languages, this volume provides a unique opportunity to look at how different theoretical approaches to Terminology offer complementary perspectives on terms, concepts and specialized knowledge, and help to further a better understanding of the complex phenomena that terminologists must successfully deal with in their work"--.

• Theoretical Perspectives on Terminology
• Editorial page
• Title page
• Copyright page
• Table of contents
• Theoretical perspectives on Terminology: An introduction
  • General content of the volume
    • Part 1. General Theory of Terminology (and beyond)
    • Part 2. Knowledge-based Terminology
    • Part 3. Socioterminology and Cultural Terminology
    • Part 4. Textual Terminology, Terminology and Lexical Semantics
    • Part 5. Corpus-based Terminology
    • Part 6. Terminology and Cognitive Linguistics
    • Part 7. Variation and equivalence
  • Acknowledgements
• Part 1. General Theory of Terminology (and beyond)
• Chapter 1. The reception of Wüster’s General Theory of Terminology
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Wüster and the General Theory of Terminology
  • 3. Contextualising Wüster’s contribution
  • 4. Wüster’s reception in new fields of Terminology
    • 4.1 Socioterminology
    • 4.2 Communicative and cognitive developments of Terminology
    • 4.3 Textual Terminology
    • 4.4 Translation
  • 5. Issues in Terminology research: The primacy of the concept
  • 6. Misapprehensions: Ist-Norm/Soll-Norm
  • 7. Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
• Chapter 2. General principles of Wüster’s General Theory of Terminology
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Intellectual life in Vienna before and during Wüster’s time – towards the Vienna School of Terminology
  • 3. How Wüster situates himself
  • 4. Stability in Terminology
  • 5. Variation in Terminology
  • 6. Wüster’s position
  • 7. Final interpretation of Wüster’s position
  • 8. Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
• Part 2. Knowledge-based Terminology
• Chapter 3. Conceptual relations: From the general theory of terminology to knowledge bases
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Concepts, characteristics and basics about concept relations
  • 3. Concept relations in terminological resources
  • 4. Types of concept relations
    • 4.1 Generic relations
    • 4.2 Contiguity relations
    • 4.3 Activity relations
    • 4.4 Origination relations
    • 4.5 Developmental relations
    • 4.6 Interactional relations
    • 4.7 Causal relations
  • 5. Conclusion
• Chapter 4. Terminology and standards
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Word-oriented and lexicographical resources
  • 3. Terminology resources
  • 4. Communities of practice and standards efforts
    • 4.1 Lexicographers and lexicographical resources
    • 4.2 Terminological language resources (ISO/TC 37/SC1 3, discourse-oriented terminologies)
  • 5. Standardization linked to CoPs
    • 5.1 Human-readable terminology resources
    • 5.2 ISO concept collections
    • 5.3 Specialized TC 37 standards
  • 6. Knowledge organization and metadata resources
    • 6.1 Knowledge organization systems as terminology resources
    • 6.2 Terminology theory and communities of practice
    • 6.3 Data categories and Linguistic Linked Open Data
    • 6.4 ‘Thing’-oriented collections
  • 7. Outlook
  • Abbreviations
• Chapter 5. Concept management for Terminology: A Knowledge Engineering approach
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The role of concept management in terminology work
    • 2.1 Concept management/or today’s terminology work
    • 2.2 Selection of documentation
    • 2.3 Establishment of a terminology
    • 2.4 Preparation of term records
    • 2.5 Quality control
    • 2.6 Concept management for the next generation of term banks
  • 3. A Knowledge Engineering approach to concept management
    • 3.1 Similarities between Knowledge Engineering and Terminology
  • Acknowledgements
  • Funding
• Chapter 6. Multidimensionality
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Early years in terminology: Physical objects, textbooks, linguistic orientation, and technological limitations
  • 3. Knowledge-based Terminology and multidimensionality
  • 4. Corpus-based Terminology and multidimensionality
  • 5. Examples of terminology resources that incorporate multidimensionality
    • 5.1 PuertoTerm
    • 5.2 BEST
    • 5.3 EcoLexicon
  • 6. Concluding remarks and future directions
• Chapter 7. Terminology and ontologies
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The quest for knowledge representation
    • 2.1 Ontologies from the computational perspective
    • 2.2 Ontologies as artifacts that interact with machines and humans
    • 2.3 Components of a domain ontology
  • 3. Compiling terminologies from a conceptual perspective
    • 3.1 The conceptual paradigm applied to term banks
    • 3.2 Term banks for translators
    • 3.3 From term banks to terminological knowledge bases
    • 3.4 Termontological databases: Bringing together Terminology and ontology practice
  • 4. Terminology practices in ontology engineering
    • 4.1 The role of terminology analysis in knowledge acquisition
    • 4.2 Knowledge-aware resources and knowledge patterns for ontology implementation
    • 4.3 Converting language resources into ontologies
  • 5. Towards an enrichment of ontologies with terminological knowledge
  • 6. Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Funding
• Part 3. Socioterminology and Cultural Terminology
• Chapter 8. Founding principles of Socioterminology
  • 1. Socioterminology: First steps
  • 2. A terminology closer to usage
  • 3. Concepts deployed
  • 4. Methods and analytical tools
  • 5. Socioterminology in practice
  • 6. Conclusion: Dissemination of socioterminology and today’s challenges
  • Acknowledgements
• Chapter 9. Cultural Terminology: An introduction to theory and method
  • 1. Introduction: Origin and purpose of Cultural Terminology
    • 1.1 A Terminology for development
    • 1.2 The dynamic process of appropriation
    • 1.3 From reconceptualization to naming
  • 2. Basic principles of Cultural Terminology
    • 2.1 Historicity
    • 2.2 Base of experiences and knowledges
    • 2.3 Memory
    • 2.4 Appropriation of the new
    • 2.5 Growth of the culture
    • 2.6 Culture
  • 3. Conceptualization, naming, and cultural perception
    • 3.1 Meaning and concept in denomination
    • 3.2 Concept and object class
    • 3.3 Denomination and cultural perceptions
  • 4. Methodology in Cultural Terminology
    • 4.1 The socio-professional framework
    • 4.2 Data collection
    • 4.3 Establishing the equivalents
  • 5. Conclusion
• Part 4. Textual Terminology, Terminology and Lexical Semantics
• Chapter 10. Textual Terminology: Origins, principles and new challenges
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The origins of Textual Terminology
    • 2.1 New needs in relation to Terminology
    • 2.2 Corpus Linguistics and corpus-based Terminology
    • 2.3 Terminology, NLP and Knowledge Engineering
  • 3. The principles of Textual Terminology today
    • 3.1 Steps in a textual terminology analysis
    • 3.2 Skills and protagonists
  • 4. Textual Terminology today: Challenges and perspectives
    • 4.1 New needs and perspectives
    • 4.2 Textual Terminology, NLP, and KE/AI: Towards a redefinition of the relationship
  • 5. Concluding remarks
• Chapter 11. Terminology and Lexical Semantics
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Basic questions from the point of view of a specialized text
  • 3. Lexical Semantics to address terminological problems
    • 3.1 Is the term a special kind of lexical unit?
    • 3.2 Can verbs and adjectives be terms?
    • 3.3 Defining boundaries for multi-word sequences
    • 3.4 Lexical relations and how they contribute to terminological analysis
  • 4. Concluding remarks
  • Acknowledgments
• Part 5. Corpus-based Terminology
• Chapter 12. Text genres and Terminology
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Integrating text genres into Terminology research and practice
  • 3. Genre: A fuzzy but essential category
  • 4. Terminology work and research through the lens of text genres
    • 4.1 Typical approaches to text genres in Terminology
    • 4.2 The place of text genres in research on Terminology
  • 5. Basic principles and methodologies
    • 5.1 The obvious link between genre and domain
    • 5.2 The link between genre and text
    • 5.3 The link between genre and corpus
  • 6. Impact of textual genres on Theoretical and Applied Terminology
  • 7. Conclusion
  • Appendix
• Chapter 13. Knowledge patterns in corpora
  • 1. Key concepts and definitions
  • 2. Exploration and application of knowledge patterns
    • 2.1 Exploration of knowledge patterns
    • 2.2 Applications of knowledge patterns
  • 3. Preparing patterns for use
    • 3.1 KP discovery and selection
    • 3.2 KP representation
  • 4. Evaluation of pattern-based approaches
  • 5. Future directions
• Chapter 14. Terminology and distributional analysis of corpora
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Distributional Semantics
    • 2.1 Theoretical and methodological principles
    • 2.2 Overview of Distributional Semantic Models (DSMs)
  • 3. Distributional analysis of specialized corpora
    • 3.1 Comparative studies applied to specialized corpora
    • 3.2 Terminology extraction
    • 3.3 Ontology building and taxonomy extraction
    • 3.4 Semantic relations
    • 3.5 Knowledge patterns and semantic frames
    • 3.6 Terminological variation
  • 4. Challenges of distributional analysis and issues raised by specialized corpora
    • 4.1 Corpus size and data sparseness
    • 4.2 Multi-word terms and compositionality
    • 4.3 Specialized vocabulary and in-domain knowledge
  • 5. Conclusions
• Part 6. Terminology and Cognitive Linguistics
• Chapter 15. Units of understanding in Sociocognitive Terminology studies
  • 1. Terminology studies: From prescriptive to descriptive
  • 2. The extended semantic triangle of understanding
  • 3. A dynamic model for Sociocognitive Terminology studies
    • 3.1 Prototypical understanding
    • 3.2 (Inter)cultural understanding and multilingual understanding
    • 3.3 Understanding evolves across a continuum
    • 3.4 Metaphorical framing and understanding
  • 4. Case studies
    • 4.1 Vague units of understanding in the European Union
    • 4.2 Intercultural understanding in molecular biology in English and French
    • 4.3 Embodied understanding in food sciences
  • 5. Conclusion and future challenges
• Chapter 16. Frame-based Terminology
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Frames in Frame-based Terminology (FBT)
    • 2.1 Frames in the mind and brain
    • 2.2 Frames in general language
    • 2.3 Frames in Terminology
  • 3. Microtheories in Frame-based Terminology
    • 3.1 Semantic microtheory
    • 3.2 Syntactic microtheory
    • 3.3 Pragmatic microtheory
    • 3.4 Graphical contexts
  • 4. Conclusions
  • Funding
• Chapter 17. Conceptual metaphors
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Conceptual metaphor: Emergence, underpinnings, and typologies
    • 2.1 Cognitive Linguistics and conceptual metaphor
    • 2.2 Conceptual metaphor typologies
  • 3. Metaphor in Terminology and domain-specific language discourse
    • 3.1 Challenging Boyd’s typology: Novel and deliberate metaphors in scientific circles
    • 3.2 Compound and primary metaphors and image-schematic metaphors
    • 3.3 Refining the theory of resemblance and non-resemblance metaphors in specialised language
    • 3.4 Socio-cultural and contrastive aspects of terminological metaphor
  • 4. Conclusions
• Part 7. Variation and equivalence
• Chapter 18. Causes of terminological variation
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Terminological variation: Natural and necessary
  • 3. The study of the representation of variation and its causes
  • 4. Classification of the causes of denominative variation
    • 4.1 Discursive causes: Specialists and their texts
    • 4.2 Dialectal causes: Diatopic, diastratic and diachronic variation
    • 4.3 Functional causes
    • 4.4 Sociolinguistic causes: Contact between languages
    • 4.5 Cognitive causes
  • 5. Conclusions
• Chapter 19. Diachronic variation
  • 1. The slow emergence of an interest in diachronic variation
    • 1.1 The predominance of the synchronic perspective in early research work
    • 1.2 The late legitimization of the diachronic perspective
  • 2. The nature of specialised diachrony
  • 3. The corpus-based study of diachronic variation, a new territory to explore
    • 3.1 The use of dictionaries to explore diachronic variation
    • 3.2 The pitfalls and limits of exploring diachronic variation in specialised corpora
  • 4. Conclusion
• Chapter 20. Cognitive approaches to the study of term variation
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The cognitive perspective on term variation: Theoretical foundations
    • 2.1 The dynamics of special knowledge categorization and structuring
    • 2.2 The multiple motivations and the cognitive functionality of term variation
  • 3. Cognitive factors of term variation
    • 3.1 Systemic factors
    • 3.2 Contextual factors
  • 4. A study on the cognitive and communicative functions of term variation
    • 4.1 Corpus analysis of term variants in research articles
    • 4.2 Perceived functions of term variation according to experts (interview analysis)
  • 5. Conclusion: Challenges for a cognitive study on term variation
• Chapter 21. Terminological growth
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The scope and position of research in terminological growth
  • 3. Term formation and terminological growth: Problem setup
    • 3.1 Term formation
    • 3.2 From term formation to terminological growth
  • 4. Modelling and describing terminological growth
    • 4.1 Anchoring concepts to the conceptual system
    • 4.2 Growth patterns of constituent elements of terms in terminology
    • 4.3 Growth patterns of modifications/conceptual specifications
    • 4.4 Issues in the study of terminological growth
  • 5. Practical implications
  • 6. Conclusions
  • Funding
• Chapter 22. Terminology and equivalence
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Equivalence in Translation and Terminology: Differences and common ground
  • 3. Equivalence types in Terminology
    • 3.1 The scope of equivalence
    • 3.2 Degrees of equivalence
    • 3.3 Equivalent formation devices
  • 4. Equivalence in terminographic resources
    • 4.1 Establishing equivalence
    • 4.2 Representing equivalence
  • 5. Conclusions
  • Funding
• References
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• Standards and resources cited in chapters
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• Biographical notes
• Index