Household food storage in Ancient Israel and Judah

Frank, Tim

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Название:	Household food storage in Ancient Israel and Judah
Авторы:	Frank Tim
Организация:	Archaeopress,
Коллекция:	Электронные книги зарубежных издательств; Общая коллекция
Тематика:	Food — Storage — Antiquities.; SOCIAL SCIENCE — Archaeology.; Antiquities.; Excavations (Archaeology); Food — Storage.; EBSCO eBooks
Тип документа:	Другой
Тип файла:	PDF
Язык:	Английский
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Ключ записи:	on1076311959

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Аннотация

This volume serves as a source on domestic food storage in Ancient Israel and Judah by outlining important ethnographic and ancient textual and pictorial sources relevant to the discussion. These allow us to understand the motivated actions in relation to food storage, and the significance of food storage in daily life.

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright page
Contents Page
Contents
- List of Figures
  - List of Tables
- Chapter 1
  - Introduction
- Chapter 2
  - Foodways in Ancient Israel and Judah
    - Food items in the Old Testament
      - The times of harvest
- Chapter 3
  - Literature Review
    - Karin Bartl—a functional approach for the Neolithic
      - Meredith Chesson—an interpretive approach for the Early Bronze Age
        
        Zvi Greenhut and John Currid—the administration of grain storage in the Iron Age II
        
        David Hopkins and Baruch Rosen—subsistence economy in the Iron Age I
        
        Oded Borowski, Philip King and Lawrence Stager—daily life in Ancient Israel
        
        James L. Kelso, Hayah Katz and Avraham Faust— the storage vessels
        
        Summary
- Chapter 4
  - Methodology
    - 4.1 Approaches to History and Archaeology
      - Debates about writing the history of Ancient Israel
        
        4.2 Outline of method
        
        Analogy in archaeology and history
        
        Pattern recognition in archaeology and history
        
        Narrative as historical explanation
        
        4.3 Method application
        
        Household Archaeology
        
        Setting
        
        Reconstruction of Household Storage—Conclusion
        
        Summary
- Chapter 5
  - Ethnography
    - Dairy storage
      - Water storage
        
        Oil storage
        
        Patterns in Palestinian houses
        
        Storage of other grapevine products
        
        Wine storage
        
        5.2 Cyprus
        
        Grain storage
        
        Other stored food
        
        Patterns in Cypriot houses
        
        5.3 Iran
        
        Grain storage
        
        Dairy product storage
        
        Patterns in houses
        
        5.4 Syria
        
        House size and family size
        
        Patterns in houses
        
        5.5 Jordan
        
        Grain storage
        
        Patterns in houses
        
        5.6 Egypt
        
        Patterns in houses
        
        Use of storage vessels
        
        5.7 Summary
- Chapter 6
  - Food storage in ancient literature
    - Ma´serot
      - Terumot
        
        Shebit
        
        Demai
        
        Maaser Sheni
        
        Ohalot
        
        Baba Batra
        
        Makhshirin
        
        Summary—the Mishnah and food storage
        
        6.3 The New Testament
        
        Attachment to possessions
        
        Judgment scenes
        
        Wineskins
        
        Summary
        
        6.4 Greek texts
        
        Oeconomicus
        
        Works and Days
        
        6.5 Egyptian Texts
        
        Deir el-Medina
        
        Wisdom Literature
- Chapter 7
  - Food storage in ancient art
    - Transport Containers
      - 7.2 Phoenician figurines
        
        Achziv
        
        7.3 Inland Levant
        
        Tell Abu al-Kharaz
        
        Tell Beit Mirsim
        
        7.4 Art from Egyptian tombs
        
        The tomb of Nefer-hotep
        
        Tomb of Nakht
        
        The tomb of Antef
        
        A model from the tomb of Meket-Reʽ
        
        Tomb of Rekh-mi-Re
        
        Tomb of Khety
        
        Mastaba of K’hjf
        
        Mastaba of K’j-m-enh
- Chapter 8
  - Food storage in the Old Testament
    - 8.1 Food supply and scarcity
      - מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם (maṭṭē-leḥem)
        
        מִשְׁעַן־לֶחֶם (mišʿan-leḥem)
        
        Price of Food
        
        Food supply and scarcity: a summary
        
        8.2 Food storage and blessing
        
        יָשָׁן (yāšān)
        
        אָסָם (ʾāsām)
        
        מְּגוּרָה (mĕgûrâ)
        
        אָגַר (ʾāgar)
        
        אָסִף (ʾāsip)
        
        טֶנֶא (ṭeneʾ) and מִשְׁאֶרֶת (mišʾeret)
        
        מֶזֶו (mezew)
        
        Food storage and blessing: a summary
        
        8.3 Food storage and royal administration
        
        אוֹצָר (ʾôṣār)
        
        חֹסֶן (ḥōsen)
        
        מִסְכְּנָה (miskĕnâ)
        
        The Joseph narrative
        
        מַעֲבוּס (maʿăbûs)
        
        Food storage and royal administration: a summary
        
        8.4 Food storage technology: the vessels
        
        נֵבֶל (nēbel)
        
        כַּד (kad)
        
        צַּפָּחַת (ṣappaḥat)
        
        אַגָּן (ʾaggān)
        
        אָסוּךְ (ʾāsûk)
        
        בַּקְבֻּק (baqbuq)
        
        נֹאד (nōʾd)
        
        The vessels: a summary
        
        טֶנֶא (ṭeneʾ)
        
        כְּלִי (kĕlî)
        
        סַל (sal)
        
        שַׂק (śaq)
        
        8.5 Food storage, household and society
        
        Containers and purity
        
        Living in the Land
        
        Wine production and storage
        
        Provision in uncertain times
        
        Storing on the hoof
        
        The woman of valour
        
        Gift-giving and loyalty
        
        Food storage, household and society: a summary
- Chapter 9
  - Artefact assemblages
    - 9.1 Common artefact types
      - Bowl
        
        Open krater
        
        Closed krater
        
        Decanter
        
        Jug
        
        Juglet
        
        Cooking jug
        
        Cooking pot
        
        Flask
        
        Ovoid jar
        
        Storage jar
        
        Carinated jar
        
        Waisted jar
        
        lmlk-type jar
        
        Holemouth jar
        
        Pithos
        
        Small holemouth jar
        
        Spouted jar
        
        Lamp
        
        Pot stand
        
        Clay loomweight
        
        Grindstone
        
        Pounder
        
        Quern
        
        Spindle whorl
        
        9.2 Activity areas
        
        Domestic work
        
        Food consumption
        
        Food preparation
        
        Living room
        
        Agricultural production
        
        Craft
        
        Fodder and fuel storage
        
        Food storage
        
        Goods storage
        
        Stable
- Chapter 10
  - Tell Halif: the reference site
    - 10.1 The F7 House
      - Room 1
        
        Room 2
        
        Room 3
        
        Room 4
        
        Room 5
        
        Calculations of food storage availability and consumption
        
        Spatial analysis
        
        Central area
        
        Entrance area
        
        The northern longroom
        
        The south-western area
        
        Additional room outside the house
        
        Spatial analysis
- Chapter 11
  - Archaeological Review
    - House 335
      - Storage in Shiloh houses
        
        11.3 Giloh
        
        11.4 ‘Izbet Sartah
        
        Building 109a
        
        11.5 Megiddo
        
        11.6 Beth Shean
        
        11.7 Yokneam
        
        11.8 Lachish
        
        Main Street House 1088
        
        Main Street House 1089
        
        Lower House West
        
        Lower House East
        
        11.9 Beer-Sheba
        
        House 75
        
        House 76
        
        House 25
        
        11.10 Khirbat Abu Shawan
        
        11.11 Mount of Olives Cave
        
        11.12 Tel Batash (Timnah)
        
        Building 743
        
        Building 950
        
        11.13 Tel ‘Ira
        
        The storehouse
        
        Area L casemate rooms
- Chapter 12
  - Patterns of food storage
    - Floor area and storage capacity
      - Storeroom number and size
        
        Storeroom number
        
        Proportion of storage capacity located in storerooms
        
        Size of storerooms
        
        Storage vessel capacity and number
        
        Conclusions
        
        12.2 Visual analysis of archaeological examples
        
        Location of food storage
        
        Integration of food storage with other activities
        
        Food storage equipment
        
        Pottery
        
        Indoor storage pits
        
        Outdoor storage pits
        
        Sacks, skins, baskets
        
        Storage bins
        
        Bulk storeroom
        
        12.3 Food storage in household life
        
        Household Storage Capacity
        
        Household storage equipment
        
        Texts and Archaeology
        
        Significance of food storage in the household
        
        Royal and household storage
        
        Ethnographic comparison
        
        Storage equipment
        
        Location of food storage
- Chapter 13
  - Conclusion
    - 13.1 Household food storage in Ancient Israel and Judah
      - 13.2 Household food storage and history
        
        Household archaeology
        
        History of Ancient Israel and Judah
        
        13.3 Household food storage and Biblical Studies
  - References cited
Figure 1. Kitchen implements, including four milk pots in the middle row and another milk pot in the front row left. Dalman 1935: Abbildung 11.
Figure 2. Drawing of milk pots, including measurements in centimetres. Dalman 1942: Abbildung 118.
Figure 3. Palestinian water jars — illustration from Dalman 1942: Abbildung 115. a) water-carrying jar; b) water carrying jar; c) water-drawing jar; d) water carrying jar; e) water-carrying jug or milking jug.
Figure 4. Palestinian jars and jugs — illustration from Dalman 1942: Abbildung 118. d) drinking jar; e) storage jar for water or oil; f) travel flask; g) drinking jug with spout (‘brik); h) jug; i) cup; j) goblet.
Figure 5. House without pillars in el-malha near Jerusalem. Dalman 1942: Abbildung 28, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 6. Cave dwelling in el-malha. Dalman 1942: Abbildung 40, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 7. House in the Golan. Dalman 1942: Abbildung 37, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 8. House in Marjayoun. Dalman 1942: Abbildung 31, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 9. House in Geba, north of Jerusalem. Left: ground floor. Right: Upper floor. Dalman 1942: Abbildungen 78&79, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 10. Sinos 1986:523 Figure. C, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 11. Sinos 1986:523 Figure. F, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 12. Sinos 1986:525 Figure. F, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 13. Living room in Hasanabad. By T. Frank, after Watson 1979.
Figure 14. Compound in Hasanabad. By T. Frank after Watson 1979.
Figure 15. Living room and aywan in Hasanabd. By T. Frank, after Watson 1979.
Figure 16. Plan of house in Darnaj, Syria. Kamp 2000: 86, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 17. Plan of house in Darnaj, Syria. Kamp 1993:298, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 18. House 226 in ‘Aima, Jordan. Biewers 1997:109–114, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 19. House 228 in’Aima, Jordan. Biewers 1997:115–118, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 20. House 360 in ‘Aima, Jordan. Biewers 1997:119–122, modified by T. Frank.
Figure 21. Karageorghis 1996: Plate XLVI: 6. The Foundation ‘Anastasios G. Leventis’, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Figure 22. Karageorghis 1996: Plate XLVII:1. The Foundation ‘Anastasios G. Leventis’, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Figure 23. Donkey with jugs. Karageorghis 1996:Pl. XV: 1. The Foundation ‘Anastasios G. Leventis’, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Figure 25. Donkey with baskets. Cesnola Collection. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. DP101825.
Figure 26. Donkey with baskets. Badisches Landesmuseum, B2639.
Figure 27. Donkey from Achziv. Mazar 2004: Figure 20. Cuadernos de Arqueología Mediterranéa.
Figure 28. Zoomorphic vessel of pack animal found at Tell Abu al-Kahraz. Fischer 2013: Figure 223. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Figure 29. Zoomorphic vessel of pack animal found at Tell Abu al-Kahraz. Fischer 2013:Figure 224. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Figure 30. Zoomorphic vessel found in Iron Age tomb at Tell Beit Mirsim. Ben-Arieh 2004:88. Courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority.
Figure 31. Zoomorphic vessel found in Iron Age tomb at Tell Beit Mirsim. Ben-Arieh 2004:89. Israel Antiquities Authority.
Figure 32. The grape harvest and conserving birds. Part of scene from the Tomb of Nakht. Davies 1917: Plate XXVI
Figure 33. The storehouses of Karnak. Part of scene from the tomb of Nefer-hotep. Davies 1933: Plate XLV.
Figure 34. Food for the storehouses of Karnak. Part of scene from the tomb of Nefer-hotep. Davies 1933: Plate XLVII.
Figure 35. The winepress at the estate of Karnak. Part of scene from the tomb of Nefer-hotep. Davies 1933: Plate XLVIII.
Figure 36. Part of a scene in the tomb of the Herald Antef. Translation of selected hieroglyphs in the lower register. Säve-Söderbergh 1957:Plate XV. Translation: Säve-Söderbergh 1957:18.
Figure 37. Part of scene of the collection of taxes from the northern towns in Upper Egypt. East wall of hall. Tomb of Rekh-mi-Re. Davies 1943:Plate XXXIV.
Figure 38. Granary from the tomb of Meket-Re. Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Figure 39. Scene from the tomb of Khety. Newberry 1893:Plate XVII.
Figure 40. Mastaba of K’hjf south wall. Junker 1943: Abb.88a.
Figure 41. Mastaba of K’hjf south wall. Junker 1943: Abb 88b.
Figure 42. Scene in mastaba of K’j-m-enh. Junker 1940: Tafel VIII
Figure 43. Bowl. Tell-Halif IV.F7.37#9. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 44. Open krater. Tell Halif IV.G7.46B#2. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 45. Closed krater. Beer-Sheba bowl type B-41. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:600. Figure 12.42:2. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 46. Jug. Tell Halif IV.F8.10#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 47. Decanter. Tell Halif IV.K8.37#54. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 48. Juglet. Tell Halif IV.K8.253#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 49. Flask. Beer-Sheba flask type FL-1. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:640. Figure 12.69:1. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 50. Cooking pot. Tell Halif IV.L8.44#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 51. Cooking jug. Tell Halif IV.F8.5#5. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 52. Storage jar. Beer-Sheba storage jar type SJ-1. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:613. Figure 12.137:15. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 53. Ovoid jar. Beth Shean. Mazar et al. 2006:Plate 35.2. The Israel Exploration Society.
Figure 54. LMLK-type jar. Tell Halif IV.F8.17C#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 55. Carinated jar. Tell Halif IV.F7.12D#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu
Figure 56. Waisted jar. Beer-Sheba storage jar type SJ-9. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:618. Figure 12.95:3. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 57. Pithos. Beer-Sheba storage jar type SJ-15. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:621. Figure 12.71:4. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 58. Holemouth jar. Tell Halif IV.F7.95A#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 59. Small holemouth jar. Tell Halif IV.G7.45#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 60. Spouted jar. Tell Halif IV.K8.44#1. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 61. Pot stand. Beer-Sheba stand type ST-2. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:644. Figure 12.51:7. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 62. Lamp. Tell Halif IV.F7.12B#1.. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 63. Pounder. Tell Halif Object 2384. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 64. Grindstone. Beer-Sheba. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:1264. Figure 26.3:1. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 65. Quern. Beer-Sheba. Horzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:1264. Figure 26.3:3. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 66. Clay loomweight. Beer-Sheba. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:1307. Figure 28.1:1b. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 67. Spindle whorls. Beer-Sheba. Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2016:1309, 1311. Figure 28.2:14, Figure 28.3:10. The Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University.
Figure 68. Overview of the Tell Halif F7 House with activity areas marked.
Figure 69. Overview of the Tell Halif K8 House with activity areas marked.
Figure 70. Feature L9008, a cavity built into the cobble floor containing two bowls. Jacobs 1999–2005:L9. Lahav Research Project: http://cobb.msstate.edu.
Figure 71. Map of Israel and Judah with sites examined.
Figure 72. Overview of Shiloh House 312 and House 335.
Figure 73. Overview of Giloh Building 8.
Figure 74. Overview of Building 109a at ‘Izbet Sartah.
Figure 75. Overview of Megiddo Building 00/K/10.
Figure 76. Overview of Beth Shean House 28636.
Figure 77. Overview of Yokneam Building III.
Figure 78. Overview of Lachish Main Street houses.
Figure 79. Overview of Lachish Lower House(s) in Area S.
Figure 80. Overview of Beer-Sheba Western Quarter.
Figure 81. Overview of Khirbat Abu Shawan buildings.
Figure 82. Overview of Khirbat Abu Shawan Building 200.
Figure 83. Overview of Khirbat Abu Shawan Building 300.
Figure 84. Overview of Mount of Olives Cave.
Figure 85. Overview of Tel Batash Building 743.
Figure 86. Overview of Tel Batash Building 950.
Figure 87. Overview of the Tel ‘Ira storehouse.
Figure 88. Overview of Tel ‘Ira Area L casemate rooms.
Figure 89. Boxplot of sample overall building storage capacity.
Figure 90. Overall storage capacity of buildings in sample.
Figure 91. Vessel storage capacity of buildings in sample.
Figure 92. Floor area and vessel storage capacity of buildings in sample.
Figure 93. Dedicated storerooms in houses in sample.
Figure 94. House floor area v Number of food storage areas.
Figure 95. Room types identified in sample
Figure 96. Histogram of the proportion of overall storage capacity located in food storage areas.
Figure 97. Boxplot of room size of various room types in sample.
Figure 98. Average vessel capacity in sampled houses.
Figure 99. Overall vessel storage capacity v number of storage vessels in house.

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